| Common Name | Alternative Name |
|---|---|
| Leprosy | Hansen's disease |
| Heart Attack | Myocardial infarction |
| Rabies | Hydrophobia |
| Blood Cancer | Leukemia |
| Baldness | Alopecia |
| Whooping Cough | Pertussis |
| Short-sight | Myopia |
| Long-sight | Hypermetropia |
| Night blindness | Nyctalopia |
| Rabbit fever | Tularemia |
| Colour-blindness | Achromatopsia |
| Lazy eye | Amblyopia |
| Chicken pox | Varicella |
| Plague | Black death |
| Tetanus | Lockjaw |
| German measles | Rubella |
| Mumps | Parotitis |
| Athlete's Foot | Tinea Pedis |
| Kala Azar, Black Fever, Dumdum Fever | Visceral leishmaniasis |
| Sleeping Sickness | Human African trypanosomiasis |
Leprosy is also known as Hansen's disease to honor the Norwegian physician Gerhard Armauer Hansen, who discovered that a bacterium was responsible for causing the disease. In 1873, Hansen, while working as a young physician at the St. George's Hospital in Bergen, Norway, observed rod-shaped bacteria under a microscope in skin tissue samples taken from leprosy patients. He named the bacterium "Mycobacterium leprae" in honor of its association with the condition.
Rabies is also known as hydrophobia due to one of its characteristic symptoms. Hydrophobia refers to an intense fear of water or the inability to drink water, and it is a prominent feature of the disease in its later stages.
Tetanus is known as lockjaw because one of its main symptoms is severe muscle spasms and stiffness in the jaw muscles, leading to the inability to open the mouth or swallow. This condition is called lockjaw due to the jaw muscles becoming tight and "locked" in position.