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1. Applied to a bill for Rs. 1,00,000 the difference between a discount of 40% and two successive discounts of 36% and 4% is:
Nil
Rs. 1440
Rs. 2500
Rs. 4000
Answer (b).
40% of Rs. 1,00,000 = Rs. 40,000
36% of 1,00,000 = 36000
4% of 36,000 = Rs. 2,560.
Therefore, two successive discounts on Rs. 1,00,000 = 36,000 + 2560 = Rs. 38,560.
Difference between a discount of 40% and two successive discounts of 36% and 4%
= 40,000 – 38,560
= Rs. 1,440
2. On a 20% discount sale, an article costs Rs. 596. What was the original price of the article?
Rs. 720
Rs. 735
Rs. 745
Rs. 775
Answer (c)
If the selling price of the article is S, then
S - 20% of S = 596
S - S/5 = 596
4S/5 = 596
⇒ S = 596 x 5/4
⇒ S = 745
3. A discount of 15% on one article is the same as discount of 20% on a second article. The costs of the two articles can be:
Rs. 85, Rs. 60
Rs. 60, Rs. 40
Rs. 40, Rs. 20
Rs. 80, Rs. 60
Answer (d).
Let the prices of two articles be X and Y
From the question 15X/100 = 20Y/100
X/Y = 20/15
Thus the ratio of prices of two articles is 4 : 3
Any two amounts in the ratio 4 : 3 will satisfy the condition.
In the above instance, Rs. 80 and Rs. 60 is the answer.
4. A discount of 2 ½% is given to the customer on marked price of an article. A man bought the article for Rs. 39. The marked price of article is:
Rs. 40
Rs. 36.5
Rs. 42
Rs. 41.5
Answer (a).
Formula for Marked Price = 100 x SP/(100 – d%) = 100 x 39/(100 – 2.5%)
= 3900 / 97.5
= Rs. 40.
Marked Price of Article is Rs. 40.
5. Printed price of an article is Rs. 900 but the retailer gets a discount of 40%. He sells the article for Rs. 900. Retailer’s gain percent is:
40
60
662/3
681/3
Answer (c).
Retailer gets a discount of 40% means he buys it at 60% of the price
60% x 900 = Rs. 540
Profit on selling it at Rs. 900 = 900 – 540 = Rs. 360.
Profit % = (Profit / C.P) x 100 = (360 / 540) x 100 = 662/3
Retailer’s Gain percent is 662/3
6. The marked price of a watch was Rs. 720. A man bought the same watch for Rs. 550.80, after getting two successive discounts. If the first discount was 10%, what was the second discount rate?
12%
15%
14%
18%
Answer (b).
10% discount on 720 = Rs. 72
Cost after 1st discount = 720 – 72 = Rs. 648.
Cost after 2nd discount = Rs. 550.80
Therefore 2nd discount = 648 – 550.80 = Rs. 97.20
Discount % = (97.2 x 100)/648 = 15%
Second discount rate = 15%.
7. A shopkeeper marks his goods 20% above cost price, but allows 30% discount for cash. His net loss is:
8%
10%
16%
20%
Answer (c).
Let the cost price be Rs. 100.
M.P. (which is 20% above C.P.) = Rs. 120.
30% discount on Rs. 120 = Rs. 36.
Selling Price = Rs. 120 – 36 = Rs. 84
Cost Price = Rs 100 and Selling Price = Rs 84 {since CP > SP, it is a loss}
Loss% = (16/100) x 100 = 16%.
His net loss percent is 16%.
8. A retailer buys 40 pens at the marked price of 36 pens from a wholesaler. If he sells these pens giving a discount of 1%, what is the profit percent?
9%
10%
10 1/9 %
11%.
Answer (b).
Assuming the M.P. of each pen to be Rs. 10, the M.P. of 36 pens = Rs. 360
Cost price of 40 pens = Rs. 360 (from the question)
Cost price of each pen = 360/40 = Rs. 9
Selling Price of each pen at a discount of 1% on a marked price of Rs. 10 = 99% x 10 = Rs. 9.90
Profit = 9.90 – 9.00 = Rs. 0.90
Profit % = (0.90/9.00) x 100 = 10%
Profit % = 10%.
9. A dealer offers a discount of 10% on the marked price of an article and still makes a profit of 20%. If its marked price is Rs. 800, then the cost price of the article is:
Rs. 900
Rs. 800
Rs. 700
Rs. 600.
Answer (d).
Selling Price = MP x (100 – d)/100 = 800 x (100-10)/100 = Rs. 720
Profit% = 20%
Cost Price = (SP x 100)/(100 + p%) = (720 x 100)/120 = Rs. 600
Cost Price of the article is Rs. 600.
10. Successive discounts of 20% and 10% are equivalent to a single discount of :
28%
15%
30%
25%
Answer (a).
Let the amount on which the discount is to be taken be Rs. 100.
First discount is 20% of 100 = 20.
Second discount is to be taken on 100 – 20 = 80.
Therefore 10% of 80 = 8.
Therefore total amount of discount = 20 + 8 = 28.
Two successive discounts of 20% and 10% are equal to a single discount of 28%.
11. A tradesman marks his goods 10% above his cost price. If he allows his customers 10% discount on the marked price, how much profit or loss does he make, if any?
1% gain
1% loss
5% gain
No gain, no loss.
Answer (b).
Let the cost price be Rs. 100.
Marked price = Rs. 110 (10% above CP)
Discount = 10% on the marked price or Rs. 11
Selling price = 110 – 11 = Rs. 99
Loss = CP – SP = Rs. 1 or 1%
12. A product has a marked price of Rs. 100. What would be its selling price if successive discounts of 10%, 15% and 20% are given on it?
Rs. 55
Rs. 56.40
Rs. 61.20
Rs. 67.80
Answer (c). Final selling price would be Rs. 100 x 90% x 85% x 80% = Rs. 61.20
13. A trader purchases an item for Rs. 540 and sets it marked price at 20% above the cost price. He then sells it at a discount of 10% on the marked price. What is his profit percentage?
10%
12%
15%
8%
Answer (d). Let the cost price be Rs. 100 Therefore the marked price is Rs. 120 (20% above CP)
Discount is Rs. 12 (10% of marked price)
Selling price is Rs. 108 (Rs. 120 - Rs. 12)
Therefore, profit percentage is 8%.
The given cost price of Rs. 540 is unnecessary and is only for creating confusion.
14. If after two successive discounts of 20% and 35%, an item is sold for Rs. 5200, what is its marked price?
Rs. 10,000
Rs. 9,800
Rs. 9,000
Rs. 8,000
Answer (a). Let the marked price be Rs. 100
First discount of 20% means the selling price is 80% of marked price
Second discount of 35% means the selling price is 65% of first selling price
Therefore the final 80% of 65% of Rs. 100
The final selling price is thus Rs. 52 when the marked price is Rs. 100
Therefore, when the selling price is Rs. 5,200, the actual marked price is Rs. 10,000.
15. A trader marks his goods at 50% above the cost price and sells half of the items after offering a discount of 20%. Later he marks his goods at 60% above the cost price and sells the left over half offering the same discount of 20%. What is his profit percent in all?
20%
24%
25%
30%
Answer (b). Let the cost price be Rs. 100
First marked price is Rs. 150 (50% above the cost price)
20% discount is equal to Rs. 30 and hence the first selling price is Rs. 120
The second marked price is Rs. 160
20% discount is now equal to Rs. 32 and the second selling price is Rs. 128
Therefore, the final profit percent is (20+28)/2 = 24%.
16. A trader offers 1 T-shirt free with each T-shirt purchased at the marked price. If he still makes a profit of 20%, at what percentage above the cost price has the trader set the marked price?
100%
120%
150%
200%
Answer (c). Let the marked price be Rs. 100
By offering 1 T-shirt free, he is actually selling 2 T-shirts for Rs. 100 or 1 T-shirt for Rs. 50
20% profit at Rs. 50 means the cost price of each T-shirt is Rs. 40
But the marked price is Rs. 100, which is Rs. 60 above the cost price
In terms of percentage, Rs. 60 is 150% percent of Rs. 40
Therefore, the trader has set his marked price at 150% above the cost price.
17. A retailer is offered 2 free sarees for every bundle of 10 sarees he purchases from the wholesaler. He wants to offer 1 saree free for every 2 sarees purchased but still make a profit of 10%. At what percent above the cost price should he set the marked price?
110%
125%
140%
165%
Answer (d). Since he is getting 2 free sarees for every bundle of 10 sarees, for simplicity sake, let the cost price of each bundle be Rs. 120 (120 being a multiple of 12)
Thus each saree costs him Rs. 10
10% profit on each saree means the selling price of each saree should be Rs. 11
But he is offering 1 saree free with every 2 sarees, which means he should set the marked price of 2 at selling price of 3 sarees i.e. Rs. 33.
Marked price of each saree should be Rs. 16.50
Therefore, the retailer must set his marked price at 165% above the cost price.